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Tamil Words for Time and Dates

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Tamil Words for Time and Dates

Tamil Words for Time and Dates: A Comprehensive Guide

The concepts of time and date are the fundamental frameworks upon which we build our daily lives. We schedule our meetings, celebrate our festivals, and mark the passing of the years using this shared language. For anyone learning the Tamil language, mastering the vocabulary for Tamil time (நேரம் – Nēram) and dates in Tamil (தேதிகள் – Tētikaḷ) is an absolutely essential skill. It is the language of planning, of history, and of everyday conversation. From telling time in Tamil to understanding the traditional Tamil calendar, this knowledge is a crucial step towards achieving fluency and navigating the Tamil-speaking world with confidence.

This comprehensive guide is designed to be your ultimate resource for everything related to time and dates. We will cover the essential vocabulary for the parts of the day, the days and months in Tamil (both Gregorian and traditional), and the simple phrases you need to ask for and to state the time. For parents, this is a perfect and practical topic to practice with your children every single day.

Part 1: The Building Blocks of a Day

Let’s start with the basic vocabulary we use to divide our 24-hour day.

  • Time – நேரம் (Nēram)
  • Day – நாள் (Nāḷ) or தினம் (Tiṉam)
  • Night – இரவு (Iravu)
  • Morning – காலை (Kālai)
  • Noon / Afternoon – மதியம் (Matiyam) or நண்பகல் (Naṇpakal)
  • Evening – மாலை (Mālai)
  • Today – இன்று (Iṉṟu)
  • Yesterday – நேற்று (Nēṟṟu)
  • Tomorrow – நாளை (Nāḷai)
  • Day after tomorrow – நாளை மறுநாள் (Nāḷai maṟunāḷ)
  • Day before yesterday – நேற்று முன்தினம் (Nēṟṟu muṉtiṉam)
  • Week – வாரம் (Vāram)
  • Month – மாதம் (Mātam)
  • Year – வருடம் (Varuṭam) or ஆண்டு (Āṇṭu)
  • Date – தேதி (Tēti)

Part 2: The Days of the Week (வாரத்தின் நாட்கள் – Vārattiṉ nāṭkaḷ)

As we’ve explored before, the seven days of the week in Tamil are named after the celestial bodies of our solar system, a tradition rooted in ancient astronomy.

  • Sunday – ஞாயிற்றுக்கிழமை (Gnayitrukkizhamai) – (From ஞாயிறு – Gnayiru, the Sun)
  • Monday – திங்கட்கிழமை (Thingatkilamai) – (From திங்கள் – Thingal, the Moon)
  • Tuesday – செவ்வாய்க்கிழமை (Sevvaikkizhamai) – (From செவ்வாய் – Sevvai, Mars)
  • Wednesday – புதன்கிழமை (Puthan-kizhamai) – (From புதன் – Puthan, Mercury)
  • Thursday – வியாழக்கிழமை (Viyazhakkizhamai) – (From வியாழன் – Viyazhan, Jupiter)
  • Friday – வெள்ளிக்கிழமை (Vellikkizhamai) – (From வெள்ளி – Velli, Venus)
  • Saturday – சனிக்கிழமை (Sanikkizhamai) – (From சனி – Sani, Saturn)

Part 3: The Months of the Year (வருடத்தின் மாதங்கள் – Varuṭattiṉ mātaṅkaḷ)

In modern, everyday use, the English names for the Gregorian months are universally understood and used in Tamil Nadu. However, there are also official Tamil translations for them.

The Gregorian Months:

  • January – ஜனவரி (Jaṉavari)
  • February – பிப்ரவரி (Pipravari)
  • March – மார்ச் (Mārc)
  • April – ஏப்ரல் (Ēpral)
  • May – மே (Mē)
  • June – ஜூன் (Jūṉ)
  • July – ஜூலை (Jūlai)
  • August – ஆகஸ்ட் (Ākasṭ)
  • September – செப்டம்பர் (Cepṭampar)
  • October – அக்டோபர் (Akṭōpar)
  • November – நவம்பர் (Navampar)
  • December – டிசம்பர் (Ṭicampar)

For a deeper cultural understanding, it is also wonderful to know the names of the months from the traditional Tamil calendar (e.g., சித்திரை, வைகாசி), which we have covered in a separate, dedicated guide.

Part 4: Telling Time in Tamil (நேரம் சொல்லுதல் – Nēram collutal)

This is one of the most practical skills you can learn. It’s based on a simple structure and a few key vocabulary words.

Essential Time Vocabulary:

  • Hour – மணி (Maṇi)
  • Minute – நிமிடம் (Nimiṭam)
  • Second – வினாடி (Viṉāṭi)
  • What time is it? – “மணி என்ன?” (Maṇi eṉṉa?)
  • O’clock – The word “மணி (maṇi)” itself is used. “It is one o’clock” is “ஒரு மணி” (Oru maṇi).
  • Quarter past (15 minutes past) – கால் (kāl) is used. “It is quarter past one” is “ஒன்றே கால் மணி” (Oṉṟē kāl maṇi).
  • Half past (30 minutes past) – அரை (arai) is used. “It is half past one” is “ஒன்றரை மணி” (Oṉṟarai maṇi).
  • Quarter to (15 minutes to) – முக்கால் (mukkāl) is used with the *previous* hour. “It is quarter to two” is “ஒன்னே முக்கால் மணி” (Oṉṉē mukkāl maṇi).

How to Tell the Time:

The basic structure is “[Hour] மணி [Minutes] நிமிடங்கள்” ([Hour] maṇi [Minutes] nimiṭaṅkaḷ).

  • 3:00 – மூன்று மணி (Mūṉṟu maṇi)
  • 3:10 – மூன்று மணி பத்து நிமிடங்கள் (Mūṉṟu maṇi pattu nimiṭaṅkaḷ)
  • 3:15 – மூன்றே கால் மணி (Mūṉṟē kāl maṇi)
  • 3:30 – மூன்றரை மணி (Mūṉṟarai maṇi)
  • 3:45 – மூணே முக்கால் மணி (Mūṉē mukkāl maṇi) – This is colloquially said. The more formal way to say quarter to four would be a bit different, but this is most common.

AM and PM:

You simply add the word for morning, evening, etc.

  • 8 AM – காலை எட்டு மணி (Kālai eṭṭu maṇi)
  • 3 PM – மதியம் மூன்று மணி (Matiyam mūṉṟu maṇi)
  • 7 PM – மாலை ஏழு மணி (Mālai ēḻu maṇi)
  • 10 PM – இரவு பத்து மணி (Iravu pattu maṇi)

Part 5: Talking About Dates in Tamil

The structure for dates is also simple and logical.

  • “What is the date today?” – “இன்று என்ன தேதி?” (Iṉṟu eṉṉa tēti?)
  • “Today is September 22nd.” – “இன்று செப்டம்பர் மாதம் இருபத்தி இரண்டாம் தேதி.” (Iṉṟu Cepṭampar mātam irupatti iraṇṭām tēti.)

The structure is: [Month Name] மாதம் (mātam) [Day Number]-ஆம் (-ām) தேதி (tēti).

Conclusion: The Language of Your Daily Schedule

Mastering the vocabulary for Tamil time and dates is a fundamental and incredibly empowering step in your language learning journey. It is a vocabulary that is practical, that you will use every single day, and that is essential for planning and for participating in everyday conversations. The systems for telling time in Tamil and for stating the dates in Tamil are logical and easy to learn with a little bit of practice. By learning the days and months in Tamil, you are not just learning a set of words; you are learning the very framework that structures the daily lives of the Tamil-speaking people.

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